Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation for Bone Fractures Healing

Post-fracture rehabilitation poses significant challenges globally, leading to impaired mobility and weakened musculoskeletal function. Delays in treatment can result in complications like bone weakening and abnormal healing. Factors influencing recovery include injury site, impact strength, bone types, and biological processes. Nonunion, failing to heal even after 9 months, and delayed unions, lack radiographic progression between 3 and 9 months post-fracture, are potential outcomes. Ultrasound therapy, initiated in the 1930s, initially used high intensity, causing tissue heating. To mitigate thermal effects, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) emerged, stimulating bone growth in rabbits' tibiae. LIPUS treatment, pioneered by Xavier and Duarte in 1983, demonstrated a 70% success rate in nonunion cases. Further studies by Heckman et al. in 1994 showcased a 38% acceleration rate in tibial fracture repair. FDA-approved LIPUS devices like EXOGEN® enhance endochondral bone formation, increase local blood flow, and reduce healing time for various fractures. LIPUS, noninvasive and compatible with metallic fixtures, aids in all phases of fracture healing. Although some studies question its pain reduction efficacy, LIPUS accelerates fracture union without impeding functional recovery. Clinical trials affirm its positive effects, highlighting its role in optimizing post-fracture rehabilitation.