Impetigo - pathophysiology and management

Impetigo stands as a common infection affecting the superficial layers of the epidermis. This pathology is highly contagious and primarily caused by gram-positive bacteria. It constitutes approximately 10% of skin-related issues in children. The nonbullous type, mostly instigated by S. aureus, accounts for 80% of cases. Two distinct types are noteworthy: primary impetigo affects previously healthy skin directly invaded by bacteria, while secondary impetigo develops at sites of previous skin injury.
Diagnosing impetigo relies significantly on a comprehensive history and physical examination. Bacterial cultures can confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves topical antibiotics alone or combined with systemic antibiotics. The antibiotic regimen should effectively target both S. aureus and S. pyogenes. Systemic antibiotics are recommended for all cases of bullous impetigo and instances of non-bullous impetigo presenting with more than five lesions. Generally, the infection tends to resolve within 14-21 days, with around 20% of cases resolving spontaneously. For more detailed information, the original article should be referenced.